Bearing steel is used to make balls, rollers and bearing rings. Bearing steel has high and uniform hardness, wear resistance and high elastic limit. The requirements for the uniformity of chemical composition, the content and distribution of non-metallic inclusions, and the distribution of carbides of bearing steel are very strict. It is one of the most stringent steel grades in all steel production. In 1976, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) incorporated some general bearing steel grades into the international standards, and divided the bearing steel into four types, namely, fully hardened bearing steel, surface hardened bearing steel, stainless bearing steel, and high temperature bearing steel, with 17 steel grades.
Grade | C | Si | Mn | Cr | Ni | Mo | P | S | Cu |
20Mn2 | 0.17-0.24 | 0.17-0.37 | 1.40-1.80 | ≤0.30 | ≤0.30 | ≤0.10 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.30 |
SMn420 | 0.17-0.23 | 0.15-0.35 | 1.20-1.50 | ≤0.35 | ≤0.25 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.30 | |
1524 | 0.19-0.25 | 0.15-0.30 | 1.35-1.65 | - | - | ≤0.040 | ≤0.050 | ≤0.20 | |
22Mn6 | 0.18-0.25 | 0.10-0.40 | 1.30-1.65 | ≤0.40 | ≤0.40 | ≤0.10 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.30 |
18Mn5
1.0436 |
0.15-0.20 | ≤0.40 | 0.90-1.60 | ≤0.30 | ≤0.30 | ≤0.08 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 | ≤0.30 |
SCMn2/SMn433/1330/1527/Gr.1330/
28Mn6/1.1165/30Mn5/1.1170 |
0.27-034 | 0.17-0.37 | 1.40-1.80 | ≤0.30 | ≤0.30 | ≤0.10 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.30 |
35Mn2/SMn433/SMn438/1335/36Mn6/
36Mn5/1.1167 |
0.32-0.39 | 0.17-0.37 | 1.4-1.8 | ≤0.30 | ≤0.30 | ≤0.15 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.15 |
40Mn2/SMn438/SMn438/
SMn443/1340/42Mn6/1.1055 |
0.37-0.44 | 0.17-0.37 | 1.4-1.8 | ≤0.30 | ≤0.30 | ≤0.15 | ≤0..35 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.30 |
45Mn2/SMn443/SMn443/
1345/46Mn7/1.0912 |
0.42-0.49 | 0.17-0.37 | 1.4-1.8 | ≤0.30 | ≤0.30 | ≤0.15 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.30 |
50Mn2/50Mn7/1.0913 | 0.47-0.55 | 0.17-0.37 | 1.4-1.8 | ≤0.3 | ≤0.3 | ≤0.15 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.15 |
1) High contact fatigue strength,
2) After heat treatment, it shall have a high hardness or a hardness that can meet the performance requirements of the bearing,
3) High wear resistance, low friction coefficient,
4) High elastic limit,
5) Good impact toughness and fracture toughness,
6) Good dimensional stability,
7) Good anti-rust performance,
8) Good cold and hot working performance.
The physical properties of bearing steel mainly include the inspection of microstructure, decarburized layer, non-metallic inclusion and macrostructure. Generally, they are delivered by hot rolling annealing and cold drawing annealing. The delivery status shall be indicated in the contract. The macrostructure of steel must be free of shrinkage, subcutaneous bubbles, white spots and micro-pores. Central porosity and general porosity shall not exceed grade 1.5, and segregation shall not exceed grade 2. The annealing structure of steel shall be fine pearlite with uniform distribution. The depth of decarburization layer and the inhomogeneity of non-metallic inclusions and carbides shall comply with relevant national st andards.
Item | Hard Chromed Rod | Induction Hardened Chromed | Nickel and Chrome Plating Bars |
Tolerance | ISOf7 | ISOf7 | ISOf7 |
Roundness | Diameter tolerance / 2 | diameter tolerance / 2 | diameter tolerance / 2 |
Standard Length |
-for Ø ≤ 60 mm: 5600 -6200mm
-for Ø≥60 mm: 5800 -7200mm Upon request: special lengths on all diameters |
- for Ø ≤ 60 mm: 5600 - 6200 mm
- for Ø ≥ 60 mm: 5800 - 7200mm Upon request: special lengths on all diameters |
Up to 6000 mm
Upon request: special lengths on all diameters |
Surface Roughness |
Ra max. 0.20 µm
(statistic average: 0.05-0.15 µm) |
Ra max. 0.20 µm
(statistic average: 0.05- 0.15 µm) |
Ra max. 0.20 µm (statistic average: 0.05-0.15 µm) |
Chrome Layer Thickness | min. 900 HV (0.1) | min. 900 HV (0.1) | min. 25 µm |
Straightness |
≤ Ø16 mm: max. 0.3 mm: 1000 mm
> Ø16 mm: max. 0.2 mm: 1000 mm |
≤ Ø16 mm: max. 0.3 mm: 1000 mm
> Ø16 mm: max. 0.2 mm: 1000 mm |
max.0.20 mm/1000 mm |
Bearing steel is a kind of steel used to manufacture ball, roller and sleeve of rolling bearings, as well as precision measuring tools, cold stamping dies, machine tool lead screws, such as stamping dies, measuring tools, screw taps and precision accessories of diesel engine oil pumps. Bearing steel is used to make balls, rollers and bearing rings.
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